How to Grow Spring Onions in Australia

• Getting Started with Growing Spring Onions
• Planting Spring Onions
• Caring for Spring Onions
• Harvesting and Storage

When to Plant Spring Onions in Australia

Tropical

Best planting months for Spring Onions in the Tropical regions are April to August. This includes areas like Cairns, Darwin, and Broome.

Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec

Subtropical

For the Subtropical region, Spring Onions can be planted from February to May and July to August. Cities in the Subtropical region include Brisbane, Central Coast, and Sydney.

Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec

Temperate

Tomatoes can be planted year round except June in the Temperate regions of Australia. Cities in the Temperate region include Melbourne, Adelaide, Geelong, and Perth.

Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec

Cool

For the Cool region, tomatoes can be planted from all yea round except June. Cities in the Cool region include alpine regions of Victoria and Tasmania.

Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec

Arid

Best planting months for Spring Onions in the Arid region is August to December.

Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec

Getting Started with Growing Spring Onions

Spring onions, with their crisp texture and delicate flavour, are a delightful addition to any dish. Whether you're an experienced gardener or a novice with a green thumb, growing spring onions at home is a rewarding endeavour. In this section, we will delve into the essential steps to get you started on your journey to becoming a master of growing spring onions.

Selecting the Right Variety of Spring Onions

Before you begin planting, it's crucial to choose the right variety of spring onions for your garden. There are several popular options to consider, each with its own unique characteristics. Scallions, Welsh onions, and Bunching onions are some of the most commonly grown varieties. These varieties are known for their mild flavour and quick growth, making them perfect for home gardeners.

When selecting your spring onion variety, keep in mind the climate and growing conditions in your area. Some varieties are more suited to cooler climates, while others thrive in warmer regions. Researching and selecting the right variety will ensure that your spring onions flourish and provide you with a bountiful harvest.

Choosing the Right Location for Planting

Once you've chosen the perfect variety of spring onions, it's time to find the ideal location for your garden. Spring onions thrive in full sun, so look for a spot in your garden that receives at least six to eight hours of direct sunlight each day. This will provide the necessary warmth and light for the onions to grow and develop their characteristic flavour.

In addition to sunlight, it's essential to consider the soil quality and drainage in your chosen location. Spring onions prefer well-draining soil with a pH level between 6.0 and 7.0. If your soil is heavy or clay-like, consider amending it with organic matter such as compost or aged manure to improve its texture and drainage.

Preparing the Soil for Planting

Preparing the soil is a crucial step in ensuring the success of your spring onion garden. Start by removing any weeds or grass from the planting area. This will help prevent competition for nutrients and ensure that your spring onions have the best chance to thrive.

Next, loosen the soil using a garden fork or tiller. This will improve aeration and allow the roots of the spring onions to penetrate the soil easily. Incorporate organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure into the soil to enrich it with nutrients and improve its structure.

Before planting, it's a good idea to conduct a soil test to determine its nutrient levels. This will help you make any necessary adjustments to ensure that your spring onions have the optimal conditions for growth. Soil tests can be done through a local agricultural extension office or using a home testing kit.

By selecting the right variety, choosing the perfect location, and preparing the soil diligently, you are setting the stage for a successful spring onion garden. In the next section, we will delve into the planting process, providing you with step-by-step guidance on starting your spring onions from seeds or transplants. Stay tuned for more gardening tips and tricks!

Planting Spring Onions

When it comes to planting spring onions, there are a few key factors to consider in order to ensure a successful harvest. Whether you prefer starting from seeds or using transplants, proper spacing and planting depth are essential for the optimal growth of these flavorful and versatile vegetables.

Starting from Seeds

Starting spring onions from seeds is a cost-effective and rewarding method. Begin by selecting high-quality seeds from a reputable supplier. Look for varieties that are well-suited to your climate and growing conditions. 

Before planting the seeds, prepare the soil by loosening it with a garden fork or tiller. Remove any weeds or debris, as they can hinder the growth of your spring onions. Sow the seeds directly into the prepared soil, ensuring they are spaced evenly. Gently cover the seeds with soil, aiming for a depth of around half an inch (1.3 cm).

Using Transplants

For those who prefer a quicker start, using transplants is an excellent option. Transplants are young spring onion plants that have been grown from seeds in controlled environments before being transplanted into your garden. They allow for a head start and can save you time.

To use transplants, select healthy and robust seedlings from a reputable nursery or start your own indoors. Carefully transplant the seedlings into well-prepared soil, ensuring they're planted at the same depth as they were in their original containers. This will help establish a strong root system and promote healthy growth.

Proper Spacing and Planting Depth

To give your spring onions ample space to grow, it's important to provide proper spacing and planting depth. Space the seeds or transplants approximately 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 cm) apart in rows that are about 12 to 18 inches (30 to 45 cm) apart. This spacing allows for proper air circulation and reduces the risk of diseases.

When planting, ensure that the bulbs or base of the transplants are buried just below the soil surface. This will encourage the development of strong roots and promote stability. However, be cautious not to bury them too deep, as this may inhibit their growth.

By following these planting guidelines, you'll lay the foundation for healthy and thriving spring onion plants. Remember to provide adequate care and attention as they grow, as discussed in the subsequent sections of this article.

Caring for Spring Onions

Once you've successfully planted your spring onion seeds or transplants, it's essential to provide them with the care they need to thrive. Proper watering, weed control, fertilising, and protection against pests and diseases are vital aspects of ensuring the health and productivity of your spring onion plants.

Watering Requirements

Watering plays a crucial role in the development of spring onions. These plants prefer consistent moisture in the soil, but they don't tolerate waterlogged conditions. It's important to strike a balance between providing enough water for healthy growth and avoiding overwatering, which can lead to root rot.

To determine when to water your spring onions, check the moisture level of the soil. Stick your finger about an inch into the soil near the base of the plants. If it feels dry, it's time to water. A deep watering once or twice a week should be sufficient, providing enough moisture for the roots to absorb.

Weed Control

Weeds can be detrimental to the growth of spring onions, competing for nutrients, water, and sunlight. Regular weeding is essential to keep the growth of weeds in check and ensure that your spring onions have ample resources to thrive.

To control weeds effectively, you can use a combination of techniques. Hand pulling is a simple and effective method, especially for larger weeds. Using a hoe or a garden fork to carefully remove weeds from the soil can also be helpful. Applying a layer of mulch around the base of the spring onion plants can suppress weed growth and conserve soil moisture.

Fertilising Tips

Providing nutrients to your spring onion plants is crucial for their growth and development. Before planting, it's beneficial to incorporate organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, into the soil. This helps enrich the soil and provide essential nutrients.

During the growing season, applying a balanced fertiliser can further support the health and productivity of your spring onions. Use a fertiliser with a ratio of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), such as 10-10-10, following the manufacturer's instructions for application rates. Applying the fertiliser once every four to six weeks can help ensure a steady supply of nutrients.

Protecting Against Pests and Diseases

Spring onions are generally resistant to pests and diseases, but they can still be susceptible in certain conditions. Common pests that may affect spring onions include aphids, thrips, and onion flies. These pests can damage the leaves and bulbs of the plants, leading to reduced growth and yield.

To protect your spring onions from pests, consider using natural pest control methods such as introducing beneficial insects or using organic insecticides. Regularly inspect your plants for any signs of infestation and take prompt action to prevent the pests from spreading.

In terms of diseases, spring onions can be susceptible to fungal infections such as white rot and downy mildew. To minimise the risk of diseases, ensure proper air circulation around the plants by thinning them if they become overcrowded. Additionally, avoid overhead watering, as it can create a moist environment conducive to fungal growth. If necessary, you can apply appropriate fungicides following the instructions provided.

By providing adequate care to your spring onions through proper watering, weed control, fertilising, and protection against pests and diseases, you'll ensure healthy growth and a bountiful harvest. Following these guidelines will not only result in vibrant spring onion plants but also contribute to a flourishing home garden overall.

• Carrots: Spring onions and carrots make great companions. Carrots help improve the soil texture for onions while onions can help deter carrot flies. They also have similar water and nutrient requirements.
• Lettuce: Lettuce can provide shade to the soil around spring onions, helping to keep the soil moist and cool. This can be particularly beneficial during warmer months.

• Cabbage Family (Broccoli, Cauliflower, Cabbage): Onions can help deter pests that commonly affect the cabbage family, such as cabbage worms and aphids.

Harvesting and Storage

Once your spring onions have reached maturity, it's time to harvest and store them for future use. Harvesting at the right time ensures that you enjoy the full flavour and freshness of these delightful vegetables. In this section, we will explore the signs of readiness for harvest, the best techniques for harvesting, and proper storage methods to preserve the quality of your spring onions.

Signs of Readiness for Harvest

Determining when your spring onions are ready for harvest is essential to ensure optimal flavour and texture. Keep an eye out for a few key indicators that indicate your onions are at their peak:

1. Bulb Size: Spring onions, also known as scallions, are typically harvested before they develop a fully-formed bulb. Look for bulbs that are about the size of a golf ball or slightly larger. They should be firm and well-formed.
2. Leaf Colour: The leaves of mature spring onions should be a vibrant green colour. If they start to turn yellow or wilt, it's a sign that the onions are past their prime and should be harvested as soon as possible.
3. Leaf Length: Another indicator of readiness for harvest is the length of the leaves. Spring onions are typically harvested when the leaves reach a length of about 6-8 inches. At this stage, they have developed enough flavour without becoming overly tough.

Harvesting Techniques

When it comes to harvesting spring onions, there are a few techniques you can employ depending on your preferences and the specific needs of your garden. Here are two common methods:

1. Pulling: For small-scale harvesting, gently pull the spring onions out of the ground by grasping the base of the leaves and giving them a firm tug. This method works best for onions with well-established roots and loose soil. Be careful not to damage the bulbs or break the leaves during the process.
2. Cutting: If you have a larger crop of spring onions or prefer a more precise method, you can use a sharp pair of gardening shears or scissors to cut the onions just above the soil level. This method allows you to selectively harvest individual plants without disturbing the surrounding soil.

Regardless of the method you choose, handle the harvested spring onions with care to avoid bruising or damaging them. Be mindful of the delicate nature of their leaves and bulbs.

Proper Storage Methods

To extend the shelf life and maintain the freshness of your harvested spring onions, it's crucial to store them correctly. Here are a few tips to help you store your onions for an extended period:

1. Trimming: Before storing, trim any damaged or wilted leaves from the onions. This helps prevent the spread of disease and ensures that the onions stay fresh for longer.
2. Refrigeration: Spring onions can be stored in the refrigerator to maintain their freshness. Wrap them loosely in a damp paper towel or place them in a perforated plastic bag to retain moisture without causing excessive condensation. Stored this way, they can stay fresh for up to two weeks.
3. Freezing: If you have an abundant crop of spring onions and want to preserve them for an extended period, freezing is a viable option. Begin by chopping the onions into small pieces or slices. Then, spread them out on a baking sheet and place them in the freezer until they are frozen. Transfer the frozen onions to airtight containers or freezer bags and store them in the freezer for up to three months. Frozen spring onions are best used in cooked dishes rather than raw preparations.

Remember to label and date your stored spring onions to keep track of their freshness and avoid confusion in the future. This way, you can enjoy the delightful taste of these flavorful vegetables throughout the year.

Now that you are equipped with the knowledge of how to harvest and store spring onions, you can confidently enjoy the fruits of your gardening labour. In our final section, we will explore some exciting recipe ideas that incorporate the vibrant flavours of spring onions. So, stay tuned!

If you're interested in learning about other exciting crops to grow in your home garden, check out all of our articles in our A-Z Growing Guides.